Evaluating only Moov'in.Paris’s profile at its peak — without knowing the outcome — the model ranked Unit economics as the #1 likely cause. That’s exactly how it died.
Key Events Timeline
FOUNDING
Groupe PSA launched Moov'in.Paris in Paris with 500 Citroën Ami electric vehicles for free-floating car-share.
PRODUCT LAUNCH
Service expanded to central Paris arrondissements; PSA invested €100M+ targeting 1,000 vehicles by end of 2019.
REGULATORY ACTION
COVID-19 lockdowns halted all Moov'in operations in Paris for months during peak French pandemic restrictions.
SHUTDOWN
PSA permanently shut Moov'in.Paris citing unresolvable structural losses from vandalism, low utilization, and COVID impact.
Full Analysis
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Documented cause
Moov'in.Paris was Groupe PSA's (Peugeot-Citroën) free-floating electric car-share service launched in Paris in 2018 with 500 Citroën electric vehicles. PSA invested €100M+ in the project. The service charged €0.29/minute but struggled with vandalism rates exceeding 30% of fleet, insufficient parking infrastructure, and a user base that couldn't justify the premium pricing. By September 2020, after just two years, PSA shut down Moov'in.Paris entirely, citing structural profitability challenges and COVID-19 impact on urban mobility demand.
Lesson
“Free-float car-share in dense European cities requires solving vandalism and parking before any fleet scale.”